Physics & Astronomy


The Program

The Major

The Minor

Professional Option
Program: Engineering

Course Descriptions

Student Profile

Alumni

Learning Can Be Fun!



Physics & Astronomy
Internet Resources


Lowell

Fermi

Washington U
Washington University


Los Alamos

AIP

NASA


About Physics & Astronomy

Physics, the fundamental natural science, and astronomy, the oldest science, provide explanations for a large number of physical phenomena through the use of a small number of general principles and concepts. These include theories of mechanics, gravitational and electromagnetic fields, relativity, and quantum mechanics. The study of Physics and Astronomy not only contributes to students’ understanding of the physical environment, it also develops their abilities to reason analytically and to test hypotheses. These abilities are useful in many fields other than physics. Earlham’s Physics Department provides a well-balanced curriculum. The research interests of the faculty and off-campus programs also provide opportunities for advanced study in a variety of fields. Current faculty interests include laser physics, musical acoustics, atomic physics, archeoastronomy, and theoretical astrophysics.

Physics students have access to excellent laboratory, computer, and library facilities. Students in advanced laboratories study such topics as nuclear resonance, X-ray crystallography, nuclear activation and decay, and atomic spectroscopy. Off campus, Earlham students have frequently been invited to serve as summer interns at various astronomy and physics research facilities such as Notre Dame, Argonne, Fermi Lab, and the Maria Mitchell Observatory. In addition, seniors may spend part of their final year in research at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Of each year’s graduates, about two-thirds continue on to graduate school in physics or related fields.

Recent graduates have gone on to study physics at the University of Notre Dame, Columbia University, The Ohio State University, University of Michigan and University of Washington. Others have gone on to further study in such fields as neuroscience (New York University), economics (London University), engineering (Rensselaer), and environmental science (Humboldt State University, CA).

The basic training provided by a major in Physics gives the student experience in experimental design, the analysis of data, computer usage, and analytical reasoning in addition to an understanding of physical phenomena. A Physics major therefore has wide vocational possibilities outside of research physics.

Not all students who major in Physics intend to pursue graduate studies in physics. The study of Physics fosters habits of thought that are useful in careers ranging from urban planning to business and from law to medical research. Physics majors with such interests should plan academic programs which include courses in other departments consistent with their career goals.

In addition to a major in Physics, Earlham offers a 3-2 program in engineering, in which a student takes foundational science and distribution courses at Earlham for three years, then spends an additional two years earning an engineering degree at an accredited engineering school. At the end of those five years, the student then receives two degrees: a B.A. from Earlham and a B.S. from the engineering program. The program is described in more detail below.

Faculty

Ray Hively
Clifford Crump Professor of Astronomy and Physics
B.S., University of Oklahoma;
M.A., Ph.D., Harvard University
rayh@earlham.edu

John Howell
Professor of Physics
B.A., M.A., Ph.D., Harvard University
jhowell@earlham.edu

Paul Schmidt
Visiting Assistant Professor of Physics
B.A., Loyola College;
Ph.D., The University of Georgia
schmipa@earlham.edu


Contact information

Department of Physics & Astronomy
Earlham College
Richmond, Indiana 47374-4095
Phone: (765) 983-1239

         or

E-mail a faculty member (above)

 

Link here for a photo of the physics and astronomy faculty.

 

 


The Program

To maintain flexibility in their schedules, students who plan to major in Physics should consider beginning the introductory sequence in their first year. For students who have not previously taken calculus, this may require that they take MATH 180 during the fall of their first year. (It is possible to major in Physics beginning in the sophomore year, but scheduling is then rather crowded.) It is important that students plan their programs early, after careful consultation with their academic advisers about career aims and opportunities.

Physicists or astronomers with a doctoral degree can do research in a field of their own choice — working in industrial, academic, or government laboratories. Some industrial or government laboratories employ physicists or astronomers with a B.S. or M.S. degree in assisting capacities, and some of these help their employees in working toward higher degrees. Earlham’s Physics Department will supply information to students about career opportunities and currently active fields of specialization. Students who are preparing for doctoral graduate work in physics should plan to take PHYS 350, 355, 360, 425, 435, 445, 485, and 488, in addition to MATH 180, 235, 310, 320, 350, and CS 128.

Students planning careers as high school physics teachers should plan their programs carefully in consultation with both the Education and Physics departments. In their course of study, they should include the introductory sequence and courses selected from PHYS 350, 355, 360, 415, 425, and 445, and the necessary courses in Education.


The Major

  •  PHYS 125  Analytical Physics I: Mechanics
  •  PHYS 235  Analytical Physics II: Electricity and Magnetism, Waves and Optics
  •  PHYS 345  Introduction to Modern Physics
  •  PHYS 355  Advanced Physics Laboratory
  •  PHYS 445  Introductory Quantum Physics
  •  PHYS 488  Senior Seminar
    And
  •  Two other physics courses at the 300-level or above.
    And
  •  MATH 180  Calculus A
  •  MATH 235  Calculus B
  •  MATH 320  Differential Equations
  •  MATH 350  Multivariate Calculus

The Minor

  •  PHYS 125  Analytical Physics I: Mechanics
  •  MATH 180  Calculus A
  •  MATH 235  Calculus B
  •  PHYS 235  Analytical Physics II: Electricity and Magnetism, Waves and Optics
  •  PHYS 345  Introduction to Modern Physics
  •  One other Physics course at the 300-level or above

Professional Option Program: Engineering

Engineering programs nationwide place great emphasis both on basic Science and on the Humanities. By combining three years at Earlham with two years at an engineering school, students can emphasize the humanistic as well as the scientific aspects of their education.

The Earlham Pre-Engineering Program permits a student to complete the B.A. degree requirements at Earlham and the engineering requirements at a professional engineering school with the aim of becoming a practicing engineer in industry, government, or at a university. Typically this type of program involves three years at Earlham studying fundamental science and liberal arts, followed by two years of specialization at an accredited engineering school. At the end of those five years, the student receives two degrees: a B.A. from Earlham in pre-engineering studies, and a B.S. from the engineering program. For more information about this opportunity, students should speak with the 3/2 liaison officer in the Physics Department.

Pre-engineering requirements in the sciences include:

  •  One year of Physics (PHYS 125, 235)
  •  One year of Chemistry
  •  Mathematics through Differential Equations (MATH 180, 235 , 320 and 350)
  •  Computer Programming CS 128


Courses

Courses marked with a red star () may fulfil an Earlham general education requirement. (FA) = Fine Arts (H) = Humanities (L) = Language (I) = Intercultural (M) = Multicultural (NS) = Natural Science (R/Ph) = Religion and/or Philosophy (SS) = Social Science (A) = Offered in alternate years

PHYS 105  PHYSICS OF MUSIC (3 credits)
A study of the physical principles that underlie the behavior of musical instruments and room acoustics. Designed for non-science majors, and assumes no math beyond high-school algebra. Non-lab. (NS) (A)

PHYS 115  DESCRIPTIVE ASTRONOMY (4 credits)
Descriptive study of the origin and evolution of the universe and the nature of the solar system, the stars, and galactic systems. Lab. (NS)

PHYS 120  GENERAL PHYSICS I: MECHANICS AND HEAT AND WAVES (4 credits)
The concepts of force, momentum, energy and wave motion are developed and applied to a variety of phenomena ranging from the motion of elementary particles to the motion of the planets. High school algebra and trigonometry are used. Lab. (NS)

PHYS 125  ANALYTICAL PHYSICS I: MECHANICS (5 credits)
The concepts of force, momentum, and energy, and heat are developed using the techniques of calculus. Other mathematical techniques developed as needed. Lab. Co-requisite: MATH 180. (NS)

PHYS 230  GENERAL PHYSICS II: ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM, OPTICS AND MODERN PHYSICS (4 credits)
Electrostatics, current electricity, electromagnetism, optics, electromagnetic waves and modern physics are investigated. Lab. Prerequisite: PHYS 120. (NS)

PHYS 235  ANALYTICAL PHYSICS II: ELECTROMAGNETISM AND WAVES (5 credits)
Electrostatics, electromagnetism, electric and magnetic fields, waves, and optics are treated using analytical techniques of calculus and vector analysis. Lab. Prerequisite: PHYS 125. Co-requisite: MATH 235. (NS)

PHYS 345  INTRODUCTION TO MODERN PHYSICS (4 credits)
An introductory treatment of special relativity, quantum physics, atomic, and nuclear physics with elementary classical physics as a foundation. Includes lab. Prerequisites: MATH 235 and PHYS 235.

PHYS 350  ELECTRONICS AND INSTRUMENTATION (3 credits)
A laboratory-oriented course dealing with analog and digital circuits. Circuit theory is developed for diodes, transistors, operational amplifiers, and simple digital circuits. These components are then integrated to construct power supplies, oscillators, amplifiers, and primitive microcomputer systems. Prerequisites: PHYS 230 or PHYS 235. Also listed as CS 350. (A)

PHYS 355  ADVANCED PHYSICS LABORATORY (3 credits)
Explores experimental techniques associated with advanced undergraduate physics courses. Some time is devoted to performing standard experiments and some to individual projects. Prerequisite: PHYS 345.

PHYS 360  THEORETICAL PHYSICS (3 credits)
Students learn the application of mathematical techniques to the study of physical systems. Examines vector analysis, complex variables, Fourier series, and boundary value problems. Prerequisites: MATH 320 and MATH 350. Also listed as MATH 360.

PHYS 415  GENERAL RELATIVITY AND COSMOLOGY (3 credits)
A systematic quantitative introduction to the theory of general relativity as applied to systems with spherical symmetry. Considers experimental tests of general relativity and applications of general relativity to the physics of massive stars, black holes, and the evolution of the universe. Prerequisite: PHYS 345. (A)

PHYS 425  ANALYTICAL MECHANICS (3 credits)
Examines statics and dynamics of particles, rigid bodies, and continuous media, along with Lagrangian mechanics and normal coordinates. Prerequisites: PHYS 235, MATH 320 and MATH 350. (A)

PHYS 435  CLASSICAL ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM (3 credits)
The development and application of electromagnetic field theory. Topics include electric and magnetic fields, dielectric and magnetic materials, and Maxwell’s field equations. Prerequisites: PHYS 235, MATH 320 and MATH 350. (A)

PHYS 445  INTRODUCTORY QUANTUM MECHANICS (3 credits)
An introduction to the techniques, problems, and interpretation of quantum mechanics. The quantum conditions, Schrodinger’s equation, and other formulations are applied to the rectangular potential well, the harmonic oscillator, and the hydrogen atom. Also considers perturbation theory, identical particles, and multiparticle systems. Prerequisites: PHYS 345, MATH 320, MATH 350 or MATH 360. (A)

PHYS 481  INTERNSHIPS, FIELD STUDIES AND OTHER FIELD EXPERIENCES

PHYS 482  SPECIAL TOPICS (3 credits)
Selected topics determined by the instructor for upper-level study.

PHYS 483  TEACHING ASSISTANTS

PHYS 484  FORD/KNIGHT RESEARCH PROJECT
Collaborative research with faculty funded by the Ford/Knight Program.

PHYS 485  INDEPENDENT STUDY (1-3 credits)
Either a year-long course carrying one credit or a one-semester course devoted to the study of some particular problem. Offered by special arrangement.

PHYS 486  PHYSICS RESEARCH (1-3 credits)
Qualified students engage in independent research under the direction of a faculty supervisor. The research is typically part of ongoing research projects which in recent years have included a study of X-ray emission from active galactic nuclei, laser physics, nuclear physics and atomic physics. Offered by special arrangement.

PHYS 488  SENIOR SEMINAR (3 credits)
Students and faculty meet to discuss topics of current interest in physics. These topics may be in some field of physics or in fields in which physics overlaps with other disciplines. Prerequisite: PHYS 445.


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