Despite promises
about the benefits of NAFTA, the average Mexican did not experience these
benefits after the implementation of the agreement. During the first
two months of 1995, interest rates rose from 35% to 59%, reportedly causing
more than $2.5 billion in investments to flee the country. The stock
market dropped 24%, hundreds of companies closed down, and more than 250,000
Mexicans lost their jobs. Since the devaluation, the peso has continued
to decline, moving from 3.1 pesos to the dollar in January 1994 to 8.2
pesos currently.
Workers in
the United States did not see the benefits of the trade agreement either.
The first year and a half of NAFTA saw the U.S. trade deficit with Mexico
grow by $4 billion and nearly 80,000 U.S. workers lost their jobs.
Workers to the south were no better off: wages in Mexico declined by 40%-50%.
While the cost of living rose by 80%, salaries increased by only 30%.
The inflation rate in 1996 rose to over 51% and 20,000 small and medium
sized businesses went bankrupt due to increased competition from multinational
corporations. As of 1996, more than 2.3 million Mexican people had lost
their jobs since the implementation of NAFTA. Prices of basic
necessities such as gasoline, electricity and tortillas rose at an unprecedented
rate. One year after the crash of the peso, three-quarters of Mexican
families could no longer afford the basic foods and services required to
keep them above the poverty line (Garcia).