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Bibliography


Current Events


Author: Burns, John F
Source: The New York Times
Date: Sep 14, 1995 Sec: A p: 7
Abstract: The Army's newly acquired transport plane plunged into the sea near Colombo. The crash killed 75 troops and crew members.

Author: AP
Source: The New York Times
Date: Oct 4, 1995 Sec:A p:8
Abstract: More than 140 Tamil separatists insurgents and 75 government troops were killed in two battles on October 3. This appeared to be the deadliest day of Sri Lanka's civil war.

Author: AP
Source: The New York Times
Date: Oct 10, 1995 Sec: A p: 6
Abstract: Attackers used grenades to blow up the house of Douglas Devananda, a Sri Lankan lawmaker. Mr. Devananda is critic of the militant ethnic Tamil separatist group. The police blame the Tamil Tiger rebels.

Author: Reuters
Source: The New York Times
Date: Oct 26, 1995 Sec: A p: 6
Abstract: Tamil guerrillas attacked two Sinhalese hamlets in east central Sri Lanka. They shot and hacked 36 villagers to death.

Author: Burns, John F
Source: The New York Times
Date: Nov 5, 1995 Sec: 1 p: 12 col: 1
Abstract: Sri Lankan troops are less than three miles from the outskirts of Jaffna. Because of this the Tigers moved their headquarters to a small village further east. They also evacuated the city.

Author: AP
Source: The New York Times
Date: Nov 11, 1995 Sec: A p: 4 col:3
Abstract: Two bombs exploded at the entrance to the Sri Lankan headquarters. The bombing was most likely a work by a Tamil suicide bomber.

Author: Burns, John F
Source: The New York Times
Date: Nov 12, 1995 Sec: 1 p: 4 Col: 1
Abstract: Tamil Tigers mounting a suicide attack in the capital city of Colombo that killed at least 17 people. Government pressuring an offensive on Jaffna.

Author: AP
Source: the New York Times
Date: Nov 24, 1995 Sec: A p: 19 Col: 1
Abstract: Sri Lankan army trapped over 2000 guerrillas in the northern part of Jaffna. The army pressed their biggest offensive in 12 years of civil war.

Author: Burns, John F
Source: The New York Times
Date: Nov 25, 1995 Sec: 1 p: 4 Col: 1
Abstract: Sri Lankan Army is close to capturing the Rebel city of Jaffna. The six-week-battle has been the bloodiest in 12 years of civil war.

Author: Burns, John F
Source: The New York Times
Date: Dec 6, 1995 Sec: A p: 6 col: 4
Abstract: The Sri Lankan army raised the flag over the center of Jaffna. Ending a 50-day offensive that drove the Tamil Tigers away from their headquarters.

Author: AP
Source: The New York Times
Date: Dec 8, 1995 Sec:A p: 10 col: 4
Abstract: Tamil Tigers defeated in Jaffna. Plans to attack areas in the northern and eastern parts of Sri Lanka.

Author: AP
Source: The New York Times
Date: Jan 4, 1996 Sec: A p: 4 Col: 3
Abstract: Officials said that Tamil Tigers carried out several raids against the Sri Lankan military on Jan 3, 1996. Nine people were killed.

Author: Burns, John F
Source: The New York Times
Date: Jan 7, 1996 Sec: 1 p:11 col: 1
Abstract: A month after the Sri Lankan Army took control over Jaffna from the Tamil rebels, the government is preparing a Political offense.

Author: Nath, Caroline
Source: World Press Review
Date: Jan 1996 Vol: 43 Iss: 1 p: 33-34
Abstract: The evacuation of Jaffna has brought calmity to Sri Lanka. Sri Lanka's Government's reaction to it.

Author: AP
Source: Far Eastern Economic Review
Date: Dec 21, 1995 Vol: 158 Iss: 51
Abstract: Sri Lanka's retaking of Jaffna underscores the fact that a government that hopes for peace must first possess the capability of imposing order.

Author: AP
Source: Far Eastern Economic Review
Date: Dec 21, 1995 Vol: 158 Iss: 51 p: 22
Abstract: Sri Lankan government has recaptured the city of Jaffna. But the war is far from over. Military pressure will be kept on the rebels until they are willing to negotiate.

Author: AP
Source: The New York Times
Date: Dec 31, 1995 Sec: 1 p. 6 col: 1
Abstract: Tamil tigers said that they would negotiate with the Government if they left Jaffna.


The Conflict History


Blood, Peter R., Sri Lanka: A Country Study, HQ, Department of the Army, c. 1990. -From- Countries of the World Multimedia CD-ROM, Beureau Developments, Inc., c. 1991.

This was the most useful source I found. It contained a Comprehensive history of Sri lanka. It contains information onthe political situation of Sri Lanka, starting before colonialization, moving through independence, to the modern conflict. It helped in locatingwhich issues that are central to the conflict.

CIA World Factbook: Sri Lanka, Centeral Intelligence Agency, United States Government, c. 1990 -From- Countries of the World Multimedia CD-ROM, Beureau Developments, Inc., c. 1991.

The CIA World Factbook contains all the general information on Sri Lanka that you could ever want. It gives facts on political, social and human issues. Economics, population, and plitical leaders are just a few of the topics you can find information on.

http://sulf.stanford.edu/~saman/lanka/Sri_lanka.html

This is a personal homepage which contains facts and information on Sri Lanka. We used it to download the Sri lankan flag. This page also contains a connection to a map of of Sri Lanka which we used in our project.

Sri Lankan Attractions - http://arachnid.cs.uf.ac.uk/Slanka/tourist_info.html

This page contains information on tourism and travel in Sri Lanka. It also contains information on Sri Lanka's history and customs. We found our page break line at this source.

The Tamil Eelam Homepage - http://uts.cc.utexas.edu/~janahan/tamil.html

This was the source that I found to be the second most useful. It contains connections to information on all topics related to the Tamil struggle. It also contains a picture of the LTTE leader which we used.

Vijay's Homepage - http://www.csw.warwick.ac.uk/~esubo/index.html

This is a personal homepage that hs information on Sri Lanka. We down loaded out thumbs up and thumbs down icons from this source.

Xerox Map Server - http://pubweb.parc.xerox.com/map/color=1/lat=57.99/lon=11.83/mark=57.99

This page provides maps of the world. It enables you to zoom in and out, focusing on any area of the world you choose. We used it to download a world map.


Sri Lanka in a Nutshell


Source: Sri Lanka: A Country Study. Ross, Russell R. and Savada, Andrea Matles Savada, Eds., Federal Research Division Library of Congress, United States Federal Government as represented by the Secretary of the Army (1990, Washington, D.C.).

Abstract: This is an excellent book written by the U.S. government that covers all aspects of life in Sri Lanka from religion to economics. A concise history of the island presents background information while a later chapter informs about current social issues. The book also has a section devoted to facts and basic demographics about Sri Lanka.


Is There Anything That can Be Done?


Source: Arnold, Guy. The Third World Handbook, St. James Press(1988, Chicago).
Abstract: This handbook is full of demographics about developing countries around the world. As well as presenting short histories about progress taken to improve the countries, the book provides information about First World's funding to developing countries. Also included are reports of treaties and resolutions focused on the welfare of the Third World.

Source: Horowitz, Donald L., "Ethnic and Nationalist Conflict", in World Security: Challenges for a New Century. Klare, Michael T and Daniel Thomas, Eds., St. Martin's Press (1994, New York).
Abstract: Horowitz's essay is included in a text that addresses the many problems facing the global community today. His essay in particular works to define ethnic and nationalist conflicts and explain why and how conflicts begin and persist. Not only does Horowitz give an overview of the problem, but he also meditates on what actions should take place to reduce conflict.


Social Changes Arising from the Conflict


Most of my information, including quotes, were found from LTTE terrorism (8th and 9th Feb),e92th@efd.lth.se (Tin Tin) and Devolution proposals in Sri Lanka, e92th@efd.lth.se (Tin Tin). These were pages on the internet that focused in on this information about Sri Lanka. One included some speeches from the Foreign Minister Lakshman Kadirgamar.